An extra second called as 'Leap Second is added today at 05:29:59 hrs to the Indian Standard Time (IST) to synchronize with earth's rotational clock. This is done at National Physical Laboratory (NPL) at 23:59:59 hrs to adjust the slowdown of Earth's rotation.
Earth's rotation around its axis is not alway regular. The speed of the rotation may increase or decrease by few seconds due to factors like earthquake, moon's gravitational force that results in ocean tides.
As a result of these consequences, the astronomical time (UT1) falls out of sync with the Atomic time (UTC). When this difference reaches to 0.9 seconds, the correction will be made in the atomic time (UTC) present in the worldwide.
Addition or deletion of these leap seconds is done by National Physical Laboratory which runs under Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).
NPL has five atomic clocks out of 300 such clocks present in the world. The correction made in the Indian Atomic Clock will also be synchronized with the atomic clock of International Bureau of Weight and Measure (BIPM) located in France.
This is the 37th leap second addition since 1972 which have been added at intervals varying 6 months to seven years.
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